Mustapha Awinsongya Yakubu² Martin Doe³ and Michael Asante⁴, ¹
Local Gov't Service, Ghana, ²University of Cincinnati Ohio, USA, ³University of Business
and Integrated Development Studies, Ghana, ⁴Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and
Technology, Ghana

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are wireless networks without a fixed infrastructure, allowing nodes to move freely and act as both routers and hosts. Nodes establish virtual links and use routing protocols like AODV, DSR, and DSDV for connections. Security is a concern, with the Blackhole attack being a notable threat where a malicious node drops packets instead of forwarding them. The paper used NS-2.35 ns-allinone-2.35 version for simulating the impact of Blackhole nodes and implementing AODV and DSR protocols. The study analyzed average throughput, packet delivery ratio, and residual energy as metrics, observing that AODV showed better energy efficiency and delivery than DSR, but DSR performed better in throughput. Environmental factors and data sizes were also considered in the analysis.

Performance Analysis, AODV, DSR, MANET, Protocols, Security, Blackhole, Metrics, Attack, NS2